A new control method of an electric scooter with a hybrid ultracapacitor/battery energy storage topology

This paper proposes a low cost system that can add the ability of regenerative breaking to small electric vehicles. The system uses ultracapacitors to store the energy harvested during braking, and its capacity is kept as low as possible in order to reduce the overall cost of the system. It is also proposed a power electronic topology that can transfer energy from the ultracapacitors to the motor or to the main battery, from the battery to engine and from the engine to the main battery. It is further proposed a new method of control that makes driving more pleasant and reduces consumption by avoiding sudden accelerations.