High-Accuracy Estimations of Frequency, Amplitude, and Phase With a Modified DFT for Asynchronous Sampling

High-accuracy frequency, amplitude, and phase estimation methods for asynchronous sampling are presented. The proposed estimation methods are based on phase difference estimation, compensation of number of samples, and a modified discrete Fourier transform. This study focused on processing signals in substation automation systems that comply with IEC 61850. Some simulation tests were conducted in cases of pure and distorted sinusoids, and the frequency, amplitude, and phase errors of the fundamental and harmonics are evaluated at fundamental frequencies around 50 Hz at fixed sampling rates of 4 kHz and 12.8 kHz (i.e., 80 and 256 samples per period). Dependence of each estimation accuracy on a fraction of number of samples is discussed.