Research on TOU price considering electric vehicles orderly charging and discharging

In order to cope with the green house effect and the CO₂ emissions, electric vehicle (EV) due to its advantage of zero pollution is gaining more and more attention. However, these extra electrical loads have an impact on the distribution system. Without coordination of the charging and discharging, the EVs´ power consumption on a scale will lead to grid problems. This paper proposes a method of reasonable time-of-use (TOU) electricity price to guide the EVs charging and discharging behaviours. It considers the benefits for both EVs´ owners and power grid. The results indicate that the optimal TOU price can save owners´ money significantly, and also power losses can be reduced.