Information knowledgebase and satellite remote sensing for monitoring nuclear explosion

Nuclear explosion monitoring is very important today because of the serious consequences of nuclear proliferation and the need for understanding the capabilities and threats presented by a State that conducts nuclear-explosion tests. Seismology, the most effective approach for monitoring underground nuclear-explosion testing, trends to provide much more sensitive detection, identification, and location of explosions. This capability depends on the research progress of travel-time and amplitude correction, event characterization, and regional tectonic models based on the support of the information knowledgebase. Satellite remote sensing technique is gradually developing as a very important way to track the preparation activities in known nuclear test sites or to exactly locate the event in combination with seismic signals. The studies carried out demonstrate the appreciable usefulness of combined seismic and satellite image analyses for CTBT verification.