FDTD and LOD-FDTD modeling of infinitely thin graphene sheets

The conventional finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) and unconditionally stable locally one dimensional (LOD) FDTD methods are modified for modeling two-dimensiaonl graphene sheets. Different from the subcell technique proposed by others, the infinitely thin graphene sheets are considered as current sources characterized by an auxiliary differential equation (ADE). It is shown that the proposed FDTD has the same accuracy as that of the subcell technique. Moreover, it is found that the accuracy of the provided LOD-FDTD can be improved with the incorporation of the divergence complying scheme.