Complex-frequency shifted perfectly matched layers with respect to particle treatment in a particle-in-cell scheme

Summary form only given. Computational simulation of low-density plasma physics demands a high amount of accuracy and efficiency when considering complex particle-field interactions. The modeling of unbounded domains around sources of electromagnetic radiation inevitably requires the artificial truncation of the computational domain at a certain point, which leads to spurious reflections, because the truncation itself is not present in the physical model. To tackle these reflections, a high-order, three-dimensional particle-in-cell method is adapted. Charge conservation is enforced by hyperbolic divergence cleaning. A Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) spectral element method treats the time-dependent Maxwell equations on unstructured meshes. Additionally, a complex-frequency shifted² Perfectly Matched Layer¹ (PML) technique for the Maxwell system with respect to the hyperbolic charge correction is derived. This leads to an additional set of ordinary differential equations within the PML region, which is treated by the same DG scheme. Together with a mesh-free particle pusher in Lagrangian fashion, the Maxwell-Vlasov system is advanced in time by standard Runge-Kutta schemes.