Two-dimensional antenna beamsteering using metamaterial transmitarray

A new two-dimensional (2D) beamsteering antenna technique using a metamaterial transmitarray structure is proposed in this paper. The proposed technique allows the steering of the main lobe of the original antenna pattern in both elevation and azimuth planes when coupled to a conventional horn antenna. This has been demonstrated on a 5 × 5 unit-cell stacked structure, in which electromagnetic simulations, performed at 5.35 GHz, allowed the evaluation of the unit-cell parameters and the behaviour of the array. A fixed steering output with range of θ = 25° and φ = 25° in spherical coordinates is achieved by means of electromagnetic simulations and validated against experimental results, clearly demonstrating the potential of using metamaterials structures for beamsteering purposes.