An Efficient Cluster-Tree Based Data Collection Scheme for Large Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) play a vital role in today´s real world applications. The effectiveness of WSNs purely depends on the data collection scheme. Numerous data collection schemes such as multipath, chain, tree, cluster and hybrid topologies are available in literature for collecting data in WSNs. However, the existing data collection schemes fail to provide a guaranteed reliable network in terms of mobility, traffic, and end-to-end connection. In this paper, a Velocity Energy-efficient and Link-aware Cluster-Tree (VELCT) scheme for data collection in WSNs is proposed which would effectively mitigate the problems of coverage distance, mobility, delay, traffic, tree intensity, and end-to-end connection. The proposed VELCT constructs the Data Collection Tree (DCT) based on the cluster head location. The data collection node in the DCT does not participate in sensing on this particular round, however, it simply collects the data packet from the cluster head and delivers it to the sink. The designed VELCT scheme minimizes the energy exploitation, reduces the end-to-end delay and traffic in cluster head in WSNs by effective usage of the DCT. The strength of the VELCT algorithm is to construct a simple tree structure, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the cluster head and avoids frequent cluster formation. It also maintains the cluster for a considerable amount of time. Simulation results have demonstrated that VELCT provides better QoS in terms of energy consumption, throughput, end-to-end delay, and network lifetime for mobility-based WSNs.