Title :
Thermal plasma in-flight treatment of electroplating sludge
Author :
Ramachandran, K. ; Kikukawa, N.
Author_Institution :
Nat. Inst. of Adv. Ind. Sci. & Technol., Ibaraki, Japan
fDate :
2/1/2002 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
The thermal plasma inflight processing of electroplating sludge was investigated. Elimination of the heavy metals chromium, nickel, copper, and zinc from the sludge and conversion of the residual sludge into inert slag were achieved. The thermal plasma inflight treatment of the sludge was accomplished with various plasma gas compositions and different specific energies. Heavy metals in the form of ferrite/chromite [(Ni,Zn,Fe)(Fe,Cr)2O4] were identified by X-ray diffraction. DC plasma experiments revealed that N 2-O2 plasma yielded the highest elimination rate of heavy metals for the given experimental conditions. The influence of the heat transfer rate on the elimination rate of heavy metals was investigated by comparing results from DC and RF plasma experiments. Except for Ni, leaching of heavy metals from deposits prepared by H2 plasma treatment was minimal
Keywords :
electroplating; plasma materials processing; (NiZnFe)(FeCr)2O4; Cr; Cu; DC plasma experiments; H2; H2 plasma treatment; N2-O2; N2-O2 plasma; Ni; X-ray diffraction; Zn; [(Ni,Zn,Fe)(Fe,Cr)2O4]; electroplating sludge; ferrite/chromite; heat transfer rate; heavy metals elimination; inert slag; plasma gas compositions; thermal plasma in-flight treatment; thermal plasma inflight processing; thermal plasma inflight treatment; Chromium; Copper; Ferrites; Nickel; Plasma materials processing; Plasma x-ray sources; Slag; Sludge treatment; X-ray diffraction; Zinc;
Journal_Title :
Plasma Science, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TPS.2002.1003875
