FDTD Formulation for Graphene Modeling Based on Piecewise Linear Recursive Convolution and Thin Material Sheets Techniques

A finite-difference time-domain formulation based on piecewise linear recursive convolution method and on thin material sheets technique is developed for modeling terahertz graphene antennas and some other photonic components. The graphene sheets are modeled by specific recursive equations obtained for tangential electric field components, allowing one to easily apply voltage or current sources between the sheets. The effective conductivity of graphene sheets in Yee´s three-dimensional lattice is calculated and used in simulations. A bow-tie-like geometry is investigated, aiming at resonance tuning. The developed numerical formulation is validated by comparison of results to data published in literature.