Rabi pedestal shifts as a diagnostic tool in primary frequency standards

Author

Shirley, Jon H. ; Lee, W.D. ; Rovera, G.D. ; Drullinger, R.E.

Author_Institution

Time & Freq. Div., Nat. Inst. of Stand. & Technol., Boulder, CO, USA

Volume

44

Issue

2

fYear

1995

fDate

4/1/1995 12:00:00 AM

Firstpage

136

Lastpage

139

Abstract

Some of the systematic errors in primary, atomic-beam frequency standards are much larger for the Rabi pedestal part of the lineshape than for the Ramsey fringe part. We have used a digital servo system to measure the frequency offset between the Rabi pedestal and the Ramsey fringe for all seven Zeeman components of the cesium hyperfine transition. The dependence of these shifts on magnetic field, modulation amplitude, and microwave power enables us to separate three distinct causes: Rabi pulling, cavity pulling, and magnetic field inhomogeneity. From the measured pedestal shifts, we infer the corresponding shifts for the clock transition with uncertainties of the order of one part in 10 ¹⁵ or less

Keywords

Zeeman effect; caesium; excited states; frequency measurement; frequency stability; magnetic field effects; measurement standards; Cs; Cs hyperfine transition; Rabi pedestal shifts; Rabi pulling; Ramsey fringe; Zeeman components; atomic-beam frequency standards; cavity pulling; clock transition; diagnostic tool; digital servo; frequency offset; lineshape; magnetic field inhomogeneity; microwave power; modulation amplitude; primary frequency standards; systematic errors; Amplitude modulation; Atomic beams; Atomic measurements; Clocks; Frequency measurement; Magnetic field measurement; Magnetic modulators; Radio frequency; Servomechanisms; Stability;

fLanguage

English

Journal_Title

Instrumentation and Measurement, IEEE Transactions on

Publisher

ieee

ISSN

0018-9456

Type

jour

DOI

10.1109/19.377792

Filename

377792