Title :
Carbon Nanofibers Synthesized by Glow-Arc High-Frequency Discharge
Author :
Pacheco-Sotelo, Joel O. ; Pacheco, Marquidia Pacheco ; Barrientos, Ricardo Valdivia ; Lopez, Md.L.J. ; Flores, J.F.R. ; Torres, Carlos Eduardo ; Fabela, Jose Luis Tapia ; Azocar, Aurelio Cruz
Author_Institution :
Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares
fDate :
4/1/2007 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) have been successfully synthesized by an ac glow-arc discharge in a He-CH4 mixture gas with 34%at.Ni/10.32%at.Y as catalyst under high frequency (42 kHz) and low power supply (360 W). This method profits the particle agglomeration in the gap under the influence of high-frequency electrical field. The power density in the plasma region is inferior to 0.1 W/cm3 and the processes time duration is lower than 5 min. Results obtained from scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman scattering show that CNF are relatively free of amorphous-carbon coating. Surface and structural analysis indicate that the CNFs have an average diameter of 80 nm
Keywords :
Raman spectra; X-ray diffraction; arcs (electric); carbon; glow discharges; high-frequency discharges; nanostructured materials; plasma materials processing; plasma sources; scanning electron microscopy; transmission electron microscopy; 360 W; 42 kHz; C; Raman scattering; X-ray diffraction; amorphous-carbon coating; carbon nanofibers; catalyst; glow-arc high-frequency discharge; high-frequency electrical field; particle agglomeration; power density; scanning electron microscopy; structural analysis; surface analysis; transmission electron microscopy; Carbon dioxide; Helium; Iron; Nanostructures; Plasma chemistry; Plasma density; Plasma temperature; Plasma x-ray sources; Scanning electron microscopy; Transmission electron microscopy; Carbon nanofibers (CNFs); glow-arc discharge; modular plasma reactor; resonant converter;
Journal_Title :
Plasma Science, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TPS.2007.891621
