Optimization of a superferric nuclotron type dipole for the GSI fast pulsed synchrotron

GSI plans to upgrade its accelerator facilities. A fast-pulsed synchrotron (rigidity 100 Tm, dipole field/ramp rate 2T/4T/s) is one of the main parts of the GSI future project. Superconducting magnets of the Nuclotron type are foreseen for this synchrotron. R&D work has been done in order to improve the DC field quality and to reduce the cryogenic AC losses. Linear 2-D calculations were used to optimize the pole shape of the dipole magnet. Consequently, a negative shimming was introduced. Subsequent nonlinear extension led to the introduction of air slits in the iron yoke which improved the field quality at higher levels. Nonlinear 3-D simulations were then used to optimize the homogeneity of the integral field, by varying the ratio between the yoke and coil length. We built a model magnet with this optimized iron lamination cross section. In order to reduce the AC losses, we used stainless steel end plates, low coercitivity iron, better insulated iron lamination sheets and reduced the superconductor filament size to 6 μm. Various contributions to the losses of the magnet were analyzed. Numerical calculations of the eddy current effects due to field components perpendicular to the iron laminations at the end of the magnet showed that this part must not be neglected. The magnet test results are presented and compared with the expected field quality and losses.