Photomultipliers for Scintillation Counting in Severe Environments

A new family of photomultipliers suitable for scintillation counting in severe environments has been developed. These tubes provide performance equal or superior to that provided by the best types of non-rugged tubes. The electron-optical and mechanical design is described with particular emphasis onthose properties that ensure good performance insevere environments. Mechanical tests of tube ability to survive severe vibration and shock are described, and operating characteristics during vibration areevaluated. The electrical properties required in scintillation counting were measured, andpulse-height resolution and darknoise characteristics were determined. Several variants suitable for special applications were built .