Architecture, Design, and Nonlinear Optimization of Three-Element Biomimetic Antenna Arrays

The architecture, design, and nonlinear optimization process of a three-element biomimetic antenna array (BMAA) are presented and discussed. The array is composed of three λ/4 monopoles with λ/20 spacing. The optimization process is based on choosing the desired phase enhancement factor and output power level of the side elements and maximizing the output power of the center element. A design example in conjunction with numerical simulations and optimization are presented to illustrate the design process and theory of operation of the proposed array. The new array architecture addresses some of the shortcomings of the previously reported two-element BMAAs, and its architecture can be readily extended to arrays with more than three elements.