Title :
Four pioneer deep-sea cables
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Electron. Eng., Univ. Coll. London
fDate :
12/1/1995 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
Despite the existence of satellite systems the demand for transatlantic communication cables does not seem to have declined. This paper outlines the story of the two telegraph cables of 1858 and 1866, and of the two telephone cables of 1956 and 1961. In the early days the main challenge was in laying long cables in deep water. Amplifiers and carrier-frequency techniques had to be introduced for telephony. The lightweight cable of 1961 pioneered the use of deep-sea cable with strength members in the core rather than in surrounding armouring
Keywords :
cable laying; history; submarine cables; telegraphy; telephone lines; amplifiers; carrier-frequency techniques; deep water; deep-sea cable; deep-sea cables; long cable laying; strength members; telegraph cables; telephone cables; transatlantic communication cables;
Journal_Title :
Engineering Science and Education Journal
