Piezoelectric properties of "d31-zero", "d33-zero" or "dh-zero" 0-3, 1-3 or 2-2 composite of polymer and ceramic powder of PbTiO3 and/or PZT

This paper describes theoretical equations for a reverse poling field E_f ("d₃₁-zero", "d₃₃-zero", or "d_h-zero") to make the piezoelectric constant (d₃₁, d₃₃, or d_h) of a prepoled composite zero and for piezoelectric constant (d₃₃, d_h, or d₃₁) at the reverse poling field ("d₃₁-zero", "d₃₃-zero", or "d_h-zero", respectively) in a 0-3 composite consisting of polymer and ceramic powder mixture of two different materials. These equations were applied to explain experimental results for a 0-3 composite consisting of a polymer and ceramic powder mixture of PZT and PbTiO₃. Furthermore piezoelectric properties of "d₃₁-zero", "d₃₃-zero", or "d_h-zero" 1-3 and 2-2 composites consisting of two 0-3 subcomposites (polymer-PZT and polymer-PbTiO₃) are theoretically discussed.