Title :
Dynamic range comparison of voltage-mode and current-mode state-space Gm-C biquad filters in reciprocal structures
Author :
Koziel, Slawomir ; Szczepanski, Stanislaw
Author_Institution :
Fac. of Electron., Telecommun., & Informatics, Gdansk Univ. of Technol., Poland
Abstract :
This paper is concerned with a dynamic range (DR) comparison of reciprocal state-space Gm-C biquad filters based on adjoint transformation. A detailed analytical description of general Gm-C filters (i.e., containing both grounded and floating capacitances) of arbitrary order is derived and discussed. In particular, we investigate the relationships between the state matrices of voltage- and current-mode filters. Based on the earlier results of Groenewold (1991), the general DR formulas for both types of the state-space Gm-C filters are given. Finally, a DR comparison of selected second-order Gm-C filters of both modes as well as verification of the theoretical results based on the SPICE simulations is performed.
Keywords :
Q-factor; SPICE; biquadratic filters; circuit simulation; current-mode circuits; frequency-domain synthesis; matrix algebra; state-space methods; SPICE simulations; adjoint transformation; current-mode filters; dynamic range comparison; floating capacitance; grounded capacitance; quality factor; reciprocal state-space Gm-C biquad filters; second-order Gm-C filters; state matrices; voltage-mode filters; Band pass filters; Capacitance; Current mode circuits; Dynamic range; Nonlinear filters; Operational amplifiers; SPICE; Transconductance; Transconductors; Voltage;
Journal_Title :
Circuits and Systems I: Fundamental Theory and Applications, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TCSI.2003.817764
