Title :
Robust sound localization in 0.18 μm CMOS
Author :
Halupka, David ; Mathai, Nebu John ; Aarabi, Parham ; Sheikholeslami, Ali
Author_Institution :
Sr. Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of Toronto, Ont., Canada
fDate :
6/1/2005 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
This paper presents a hardware implementation of a sound localization algorithm that localizes a single sound source by using the information gathered by two separated microphones. This is achieved through estimating the time delay of arrival (TDOA) of sound at the two microphones. We have used a TDOA algorithm known as the "phase transform" to minimize the effects of reverberations and noise from the environment. Simplifications to the chosen TDOA algorithm were made in order to replace complex operations, such as the cosine function, with less expensive ones, such as iterative additions. The custom digital signal processor implementing this algorithm was designed in a 0.18-μm CMOS process and tested successfully. The test chip is capable of localizing the direction of a sound source within 2.2° of accuracy, utilizing approximately 30 mW of power and 6.25 mm2 of silicon area.
Keywords :
CMOS integrated circuits; acoustic arrays; acoustic signal processing; array signal processing; circuit optimisation; direction-of-arrival estimation; iterative methods; microphone arrays; time-of-arrival estimation; transforms; 0.18 mum; 30 mW; CMOS; acoustic array; acoustic signal processing; adaptive array; application specific integrated circuit; array signal processing; circuit optimization; cosine function; digital signal processor; iterative method; microphone; phase transform; reverberation; robust sound localization; time delay of arrival estimation; Acoustic noise; Delay effects; Delay estimation; Hardware; Iterative algorithms; Microphones; Reverberation; Robustness; Signal processing algorithms; Working environment noise; Acoustic arrays; acoustic signal processing; adaptive arrays; application specific integrated circuits; array signal processing; circuit optimization; digital signal processors; microphones;
Journal_Title :
Signal Processing, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TSP.2005.847820