Average symbol error probability of arbitrary rectangular quadrature amplitude modulation in generalised shadowed fading channels

A closed-form approximation of average symbol error probability of arbitrary rectangular quadrature amplitude modulation in a gamma-shadowed Nakagami fading radio channel is derived. The final result is obtained on the basis of an exponential approximation of the Gaussian Q-function. It is shown that the derived formula can also be used for error probability estimation in Nakagami-log-normal radio channels for a wide range of shadowing spread values. The numerical aspects of calculation are discussed.