Optimizing the integration of photovoltaic systems with electric utilities

The author introduces a comprehensive simulation package whereby the optimal size, operation, performance and economics of a photovoltaic (PV) system can be determined in the utility-integrated mode. The central issue is to present a single definitive optimization model. A stepwise analytical methodology starting at the solar resource and culminating in the value of the PV system in terms of avoided costs is provided. The methodology includes processing of the solar irradiance; identification of the PV system´s configuration and operational features; identification of real-time system controls in the presence of PV generation; security assessment in the presence of PV and production costing and capacity expansion analysis with PV. The optimization package is subdivided into five different subgroups based on their respective purposes in the context of the overall scheme. The author describes the functions of each subgroup