Beam patterns of an underwater acoustic vector hydrophone located away from any reflecting boundary

A vector hydrophone is composed of two or three spatially collocated but orthogonally oriented velocity hydrophones plus an optional collocated pressure hydrophone. A vector hydrophone may form azimuth-elevation beams that are invariant with respect to the sources´ frequencies, bandwidths and radial location (in near field as opposed to the far field). This paper characterizes the spatial matched filter beam patterns (a.k.a. fixed or conventional or maximum signal-to-noise ratio beam patterns) and the minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) beam patterns associated with a single underwater acoustic vector hydrophone distant from any reflecting boundary.