Title :
Cryogenic dual-mode resonator for a fly-wheel oscillator for a caesium frequency standard
Author :
Tobar, Michael E. ; Hartnett, John G. ; Ivanov, Eugene N. ; Cros, Dominique ; Bilski, Pawel
Author_Institution :
Univ. of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
Abstract :
A dual-mode, sapphire-loaded cavity (SLC) resonator has been designed and optimized with the aid of finite element software. The resonance frequency was designed to be near the frequency of a Cs atomic frequency standard. Experimental tests are shown to agree very well with calculations. The difference frequency of two differently polarized modes is shown to be a highly sensitive temperature sensor in the 50 to 80 K temperature range. We show that an oscillator based on this resonator has the potential to operate with fractional frequency instability below 10/sup -14/ for measurement times of 1 to 100 seconds. This is sufficient to operate an atomic clock at the quantum projection noise limit.
Keywords :
atomic clocks; caesium; cavity resonators; finite element analysis; frequency stability; frequency standards; microwave oscillators; sapphire; 1 to 100 sec; 50 to 80 K; Cs; Cs atomic frequency standard; atomic clock; cryogenic resonator; dual-mode resonator; finite element software; fly-wheel oscillator; frequency instability; highly sensitive temperature sensor; polarized modes; quantum projection noise limit; resonance frequency; sapphire-loaded cavity resonator; Atomic clocks; Cryogenics; Design optimization; Finite element methods; Oscillators; Polarization; Resonance; Resonant frequency; Temperature sensors; Testing; Cesium; Cold; Equipment Design; Equipment Failure Analysis; Equipment and Supplies; Models, Theoretical; Radio Waves; Reference Standards; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Software; Time;
Journal_Title :
Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TUFFC.2002.1041076
