Title :
Masers and millimeter waves
Author :
Barnes, Frank S.
Author_Institution :
University of Colorado, Boulder, Colo.
Abstract :
The characteristics of a number of different kinds of masers are reviewed to estimate their usefulness in the region between one and a tenth millimeter. An estimate of the maximum power output for these systems is made and compared with the output to be expected from mixing two optical signals in a nonlinear dielectric and on a photocathode. Additionally, the noise characteristics of maser amplifiers are briefly reviewed for this region of the spectrum.
Keywords :
Atom optics; Atomic measurements; Energy states; Frequency estimation; Masers; Optical amplifiers; Optical noise; Optical pumping; Oscillators; Resonance;
Journal_Title :
Proceedings of the IEEE
DOI :
10.1109/PROC.1963.1666
