Title :
Transient effects in gain-clamped discrete Raman amplifier cascades
Author :
Bolognini, G. ; Pasquale, F. Di
Author_Institution :
Scuola Superiore Sant´´Anna di Studi Universitari e Perfezionamento, Pisa, Italy
Abstract :
This letter describes the dynamic characteristics of all-optically gain clamped discrete Raman amplifier chains. Amplifier cascades are analyzed under channels add/drop conditions in large bandwidth WDM metro-core applications. Numerical results show that the long Raman fiber length does not allow instantaneous gain clamping giving rise to wide power oscillations in long Raman amplifier chains. A possible way to limit this detrimental effect is suggested and numerically demonstrated.
Keywords :
Raman lasers; Raman spectra; metropolitan area networks; optical communication equipment; optical fibre amplifiers; wavelength division multiplexing; Raman fiber amplifiers; all-optically gain clamped discrete Raman amplifier chains; channels add/drop conditions; gain clamping; gain-clamped discrete Raman amplifier cascades; large bandwidth WDM metro-core applications; long Raman amplifier chains; long Raman fiber length; transient effects; wide power oscillations; Bandwidth; Clamps; Gain control; Optical amplifiers; Optical fiber amplifiers; Optical noise; Power amplifiers; Semiconductor optical amplifiers; Stimulated emission; Wavelength division multiplexing;
Journal_Title :
Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE
DOI :
10.1109/LPT.2003.818928
