Title :
Two-dimensional FDTD model of antipodal ELF propagation and Schumann resonance of the Earth
Author :
Simpson, Jamesina J. ; Taflove, Allen
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL, USA
fDate :
6/24/1905 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
This article reports the initial application of the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method to model extremely low-frequency (ELF) propagation around the entire Earth. Periodic boundary conditions are used in conjunction with a variable-cell two-dimensional TM FDTD grid, which wraps around the complete Earth sphere. The model is verified by numerical studies of antipodal propagation and the Schumann resonance. This model may be significant because it points the way toward direct three-dimensional FDTD calculation of round-the-world ELF propagation, accounting for arbitrary horizontal as well as vertical geometrical and electrical inhomogeneities of the ionosphere, continents, and oceans.
Keywords :
finite difference time-domain analysis; ionospheric electromagnetic wave propagation; radiowave propagation; resonance; 2D FDTD model; 3 Hz to 3 kHz; Earth sphere; Schumann resonance; antipodal ELF propagation; antipodal propagation; electrical inhomogeneities; finite-difference time-domain method; horizontal geometrical inhomogeneities; ionosphere; oceans; periodic boundary conditions; round-the-world ELF propagation; three-dimensional FDTD calculation; two-dimensional FDTD model; variable-cell 2D TM FDTD grid; vertical geometrical inhomogeneities; Boundary conditions; Continents; Earth; Finite difference methods; Geophysical measurement techniques; Ground penetrating radar; Ionosphere; Resonance; Solid modeling; Time domain analysis;
Journal_Title :
Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, IEEE
DOI :
10.1109/LAWP.2002.805123
