A Multistage Hybrid Constant Modulus Array With Constrained Adaptation for Correlated Sources

The multistage constant modulus (CM) array was previously proposed for capturing multiple received signals in a cochannel signal environment. It consists of a cascade of individual CM array stages combined with adaptive signal cancelers that remove the various signals captured across the stages. However, when the received signals are mutually correlated, the signals captured by the CM array stages are not completely canceled, and previous parallel extensions of the system do not guarantee that different signals will be captured across the stages. In this paper, we present a hybrid implementation of the multistage CM array for separating correlated signals where the canceler weights in the cascade structure provide estimates of the direction vectors of the captured signals. These estimates are then used in a parallel implementation of the linearly constrained CM (LCCM) array leading to the hybrid structure. Since the direction vectors are obtained directly from the canceler weights, the hybrid implementation does not require prior knowledge of the array response matrix and is independent of the type of antennas used in the receiver. The effect of a bias in the direction vector estimates for closely-spaced signals is analyzed, and the steady-state performance of the hybrid structure is compared to that of a conventional constrained implementation for correlated sources. Computer simulations for example cochannel scenarios are provided to illustrate various properties of the system. Mean-square-error (MSE) learning curves indicate that the proposed hybrid LCCM algorithm converges faster and has lower MSE than previous implementations