High Intensity Sources of Polarized Protons

The capabilities and future possibilities of intense polarized proton sources are summarized. The best Lamb-shift sources have achieved ~4 ¿A of H¿-. Atomic sources have achieved 6 ¿A H¿- dc (30 ¿A pulsed) and 125 ¿A H¿+ dc (200 ¿A pulsed). Planned developments are described which should increase the atomic source output current to the multi-milliampere range for both H¿+ and H¿- Optical pumping techniques have succeeded in producing 25 ¿A of H¿- and 200 ¿A of H¿+. Polarized ion sources using optical pumping which may eventually lead to amperes of H¿- have been proposed.