Title :
A low-pass biquad derived filter realization
Abstract :
A biquad derived structure employing two Norton (current differencing) amplifiers is presented which requires the minimum number of components. Transfer characteristics of the form K/SUB 1//D(S) and K/SUB 2/(S+/spl omega//SUB n//Q)/D(S) with D(S)=S/SUP 2/+/spl omega//SUB n/S/Q+/spl omega//SUB n//SUP 2/ are realized. Biasing constraints are of major importance in the detailed realization and a typical circuit design is presented along with a discussion of its performance, which is compared with that of others.
Keywords :
Active filters; active filters; Analog integrated circuits; Bipolar transistors; Circuit topology; Equivalent circuits; Integrated circuit modeling; Low pass filters; Operational amplifiers; Solid modeling; Solid state circuits; Voltage;
Journal_Title :
Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of
DOI :
10.1109/JSSC.1976.1050775
