A Low-Power 114-GHz Push–Push CMOS VCO Using LC Source Degeneration

An LC source-degeneration negative-resistance cell of an LC VCO is investigated, which is capable of operating at millimeter-wave (MMW) range with low dc power consumption. Several negative-resistance cells in LC oscillators are also compared. The LC source-degenerated topology is demonstrated through a 114-GHz push-push fully integrated LC VCO implemented in TSMC 0.13-mum CMOS process. With core power consumption of 8.4 mW, the tuning range at the fundamental port is 56.4-57.6 GHz and at the push-push port is 112.8-115.2 GHz. The measured phase noise at the fundamental port is -13.6 dBc/Hz at 10-MHz offset. This VCO is believed to have the best figure of merit among MMW VCOs using bulk CMOS processes.