Simulation of Klystrons With Slow and Reflected Electrons Using Large-Signal Code TESLA

Author

Chernyavskiy, Igor A. ; Vlasov, Alexander N. ; Antonsen, Thomas M., Jr. ; Cooke, Simon J. ; Levush, Baruch ; Nguyen, Khanh T.

Author_Institution

Sci. Applic. Int. Corp., McLean

Volume

54

Issue

6

fYear

2007

fDate

6/1/2007 12:00:00 AM

Firstpage

1555

Lastpage

1561

Abstract

The problem of modeling slow and reflected electrons that appear during operation of high-power klystrons is discussed. These electrons are not only problematic for the operation of real klystrons but also present a numerical challenge for simulation codes that solve the equations of motion with axial distance rather than time as the independent parameter. To meet this challenge, particles with axial velocity below some threshold are treated using an alternative algorithm. This approach has been implemented in the simulation code TESLA. The method is verified by comparison with PIC simulation. The effect of these particles on the efficiency of a hypothetical device is also presented.

Keywords

codes; klystrons; TESLA; high power klystrons; large signal code; slow and reflected electrons; Electromagnetic radiation; Electron beams; Equations; Feedback loop; Kinetic energy; Klystrons; Laboratories; Numerical simulation; Physics; Radio frequency; Klystrons; large-signal code TESLA; slow and reflected particles;

fLanguage

English

Journal_Title

Electron Devices, IEEE Transactions on

Publisher

ieee

ISSN

0018-9383

Type

jour

DOI

10.1109/TED.2007.896697

Filename

4215162