Pareto optimal design of multilayer microwave absorbers for wide-angle incidence using genetic algorithms

An application of the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) in designing high performance multilayer electromagnetic absorbers is discussed. Compared with traditional Pareto genetic algorithms, the NSGA-II can reduce the complex of calculation efficiently, as well as provide better optimisation results. Based on existing lossy materials, the Pareto fronts and corresponding optimisation schemes for different frequency bands and incident angles are presented. For instance, in the frequency band of 8-12-GHz with arbitrary incident angles and polarisations, a highest reflection of -17.02-dB can be obtained for the four-layer absorber with total thickness of 4.1933-mm.