Foundation uplift resistance: The effects of foundation type and of seasonal changes in ground conditions

Various theories for estimating foundation uplift design are discussed. The shape of the foundation and the way it has been constructed, the type of applied loading and the strength of the soil surrounding the foundation, all affect its uplift behaviour. Tests on all these aspects are described. It is possible that any one of the above factors could be the cause of a foundation being under design strength, but the combination of more than one factor could be critical. Proposals are made for further studies, the conclusions from which should allow more accurate designs to be made in the future.