Title : 
The topside ionosphere during geomagnetic storms
         
        
        
            Author_Institution : 
Communications Research Centre, Ottawa, Canada
         
        
        
        
        
            fDate : 
6/1/1969 12:00:00 AM
         
        
        
        
            Abstract : 
The state of knowledge of ionospheric storms in the topside ionosphere is reviewed. Although much remains to be understood concerning ionospheric storms, many of the storm-time phenomena can be interpreted in terms of drift motions produced by storm-time currents, and by ambipolar diffusion.
         
        
            Keywords : 
Electrons; Geomagnetism; Ionosphere; Land surface temperature; Probes; Radar scattering; Rockets; Satellite broadcasting; Storms; Temperature distribution;
         
        
        
            Journal_Title : 
Proceedings of the IEEE
         
        
        
        
        
            DOI : 
10.1109/PROC.1969.7148