Applications of c.c.d.s to sonar systems

The characteristics of the charge-coupled device (c.c.d.) are such that it is destined to make a considerable impact on sonar design, particularly in the more compact and lower power applications. The speed of operation and overall delay times available make it eminently suitable for beam forming and a wide range of transversal filter applications over the complete spread of sonar frequencies. Furthermore, the direct analogue sample operation and low power consumption are attractive features when space is at a premium. The paper describes some practical cases of the application of c.c.d.s to sonar, illustrating the advantages of such devices for beam forming, pulse compression and spectral analysis.