Easily integrable very-low-sensitivity active RC filter

A new easily integrable active RC biquadratic filter, with all the capacitors earthed, is described. The biquads can be directly cascaded without buffer stages. The sensitivities of the Q factor and ¿0 to the various passive and active components are very low. Further, the sensitivity of the Q factor with respect to the passive elements can be made zero, making the filter easy to tune. Experimental results which agree with the theory are given for a lowpass Butterworth filter.