Design of Low-Profile High-Gain EBG Resonator Antennas Using a Genetic Algorithm

In this letter, we present a method to enhance the gain of electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) resonator antennas composed of a single-substrate frequency-selective-surface (FSS) using a genetic algorithm (GA). In our method, the gain enhancement is realized by optimizing the metallic patterns etched on the two surfaces of the FSS layer, using a GA, and, hence, increasing the quality factor (Q-factor) of the EBG resonant cavity. The method is demonstrated using an example design and a prototype single layer EBG resonator antenna that achieves a gain of over 21 dB, which is normally reached only by a multilayer EBG antenna if the metallic patterns are not optimized.