Title :
Fast Full-Wave Surface Integral Equation Solver for Multiscale Structure Modeling
Author :
Qian, Zhi-Guo ; Chew, Weng Cho
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
Abstract :
We describe a full-wave solver to model large-scale and complex multiscale structures. It uses the augmented electric field integral equation (A-EFIE), which includes both the charge and the current as unknowns to avoid the imbalance between the vector potential and the scalar potential in the conventional EFIE. The formulation proves to be stable in the low-frequency regime with the appropriate frequency scaling and the enforcement of charge neutrality. To conquer large-scale and complex problems, we solve the equation using iterative methods, design an efficient constraint preconditioning, and employ the mixed-form fast multipole algorithm (FMA) to accelerate the matrix-vector product. Numerical tests on various examples show high accuracy and fast convergence. At last, complex interconnect and packaging problems with over one million integral equation unknowns can be solved without the help of a parallel computer.
Keywords :
computational electromagnetics; electric field integral equations; iterative methods; augmented electric field integral equation; constraint preconditioning; conventional EFIE; fast full-wave surface integral equation solver; frequency scaling; iterative methods; matrix-vector product; mixed-form fast multipole algorithm; multiscale structure modeling; numerical tests; parallel computer; scalar potential; vector potential; Acceleration; Algorithm design and analysis; Convergence of numerical methods; Design methodology; Frequency; Integral equations; Iterative algorithms; Iterative methods; Large-scale systems; Testing; Electric field integral equation (EFIE); low-frequency; method of moments (MoM); mixed-form fast multipole algorithm; multiscale;
Journal_Title :
Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TAP.2009.2023629