Phase-shifting transformers in load flow and short-circuit analysis: modelling and control

A new accurate model representing phase-shifting transformers for both load flow and fault analysis is introduced. The model is simple, efficient and numerically stable. The theoretical basis of the model and the practical procedures of implementation for the fast-decoupled load flow method and short-circuit calculation are presented. The model described was implemented in the Interactive Power System Analysis program, and the results of verification for various transformer arrangements in typical practical power networks are presented