A torque and speed coupling hybrid drivetrain-architecture, control, and simulation

In this paper, a speed and torque coupling hybrid drivetrain is introduced. In this drivetrain, a planetary gear unit and a generator/motor decouple the engine speed from the vehicle wheel speed. Also, another shaft-fixed gear unit and traction motor decouple the engine torque from the vehicle wheel torque. Thus, the engine can operate within its optimal speed and torque region, and at the same time, can directly deliver its torque to the driven wheels. This paper discussed the fundamentals architecture, design, control, and simulation of the drivetrain