Effects of the ground and the human body on the performance of a handset antenna

The effects of the whole human body and the ground on the performance of a handset antenna are studied through EM simulation. The complexity of the radiation pattern of a handset antenna is illustrated, and the specific absorption rate (SAR) level inside the head is increased using a more realistic model which includes the partial ground, the whole body and the hand. Four human models of different heights are compared, showing that the changing of model height has an effect on the SAR inside the human body and causes a slight variation of the far-field pattern. However, the different property of the ground plane has a more noticeable effect on the SAR and the far-field patterns.