Title :
System grounding and ground-fault protection in the petrochemical industry: a need for a better understanding
Author_Institution :
NEI Electr. Power Eng. Inc., Arvada, CO, USA
Abstract :
This paper provides an in-depth discussion of system grounding and ground fault protection on systems from 480 V and above. The paper also discusses modeling of ground faults, the proper design for ground-fault protection, and common problems associated with ground-fault protection. The paper address many real-life problems associated with system grounding and ground-fault protection, including safety issues and how to avoid those problems. The topics included in the paper include low-voltage systems, under 600 V, through high-voltage transmission systems.
Keywords :
chemical industry; earthing; petroleum industry; power system protection; 480 V; MV cable ground-fault shielding; common transformer connections; equivalent zero-sequence circuits; ground fault protection; high-resistance grounding; high-voltage system grounding; high-voltage transmission systems; impedance grounded; low-voltage grounding; medium-voltage grounding; petrochemical industry; safety issues; solidly grounded; system grounding; Chemical industry; Circuit faults; Grounding; Impedance; Petrochemicals; Petroleum; Power system modeling; Predictive models; Protection; Voltage;
Journal_Title :
Industry Applications, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TIA.2002.804754
