Network synchronization-a challenge for SDH/SONET?

The basic characteristics and requirements of existing networks are summarized, focusing on network synchronization aspects and related parameters. The SDH/SONET-specific pointer-based multiplexing technique is described. It is shown that the need to synchronize the SDH/SONET network elements is not an inherent characteristic of these synchronous networks but rather a result of the generally applied pointer processor implementation. The principles of an advanced pointer processor implementation that is fully compatible with the existing telecommunication environment are outlined. This pointer processor does not require synchronization and, additionally, provides timing transparency. Measurement results demonstrating the feasibility of this approach are presented.<>