Rocket Sounding of High Atmosphere Meteorological Parameters

The need for systematic data collection pertaining to meteorological parameters in the high atmosphere has led to the development of several relatively economical meteorological rocket vehicles and uncomplicated rocket payloads. The progress toward an optimum system has been encouraging during the past two years, but the over-all state of the sensor development has lagged behind rocket performance. The complexity of the atmosphere in the area of interest indicates a need for extensive theoretical study in the application of sensors and corrective techniques applied to empirical data obtained during rocket flights. The Signal Corps has been active in the development and testing of rocket vehicles and sensors as well as telemetry systems for recovery of the measured data. Over one hundred and fifty rounds have been fired at White Sands Missile Range in testing of hardware and techniques and in training personnel and perfecting launching techniques for application in a more comprehensive observations system. The Loki meteorological sounding rocket has proven to be the first reliable vehicle to be used in large numbers. It can be fired under almost all conditions, but is restricted in payload to the simplest sensors. So far, only wind measurements have been made, using a small parachute below 150,000 feet and chaff above that level to 280,000 feet. The Arcas has considerably increased the capability of the system by providing telemetry for other sensors as payload on a 15-foot diameter parachute.