Node-based distribution of material properties for topology optimization of electromagnetic devices

In this paper, a new node-based material distribution scheme is proposed for topology optimization of electromagnetic devices. Electromagnetic properties of material such as permeability and current density are given on the nodes of finite-element mesh, and within each element, they are interpolated using the nodal values. The proposed method can be used to alleviate the coarse layout of final device, which occurs frequently in conventional topology optimization. Numerical examples are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.