Title :
A Two-Dimensional Extension of the Mueller and Müller Timing Error Detector
Author :
Whelan, Kevin M. ; Balado, Félix ; Hurley, Neil J. ; Silvestre, Guénolé C M
Author_Institution :
Univ. Coll. Dublin, Dublin
fDate :
7/1/2007 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
We present a 2-D extension of a timing error detector (TED) originally developed by Mueller and Muller for timing recovery on multilevel pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) over 1-D channels. We provide accurate theoretical expressions of the performance of the proposed scheme, and we verify its applicability by studying a particular case. The 2-D TED thus obtained is used as the engine of a 2-D phase locked loop (PLL) for timing recovery.
Keywords :
error detection; error statistics; phase locked loops; pulse amplitude modulation; synchronisation; 2D extension; 2D phase locked loop; Mueller and Muller timing error detector; multilevel pulse amplitude modulation; timing recovery; Amplitude modulation; Detectors; Gaussian noise; Phase detection; Phase locked loops; Pulse modulation; Sampling methods; Timing; Transfer functions; Two dimensional displays; 2-D phase locked loop (PLL); 2-D synchronization; 2-D timing error detector (TED);
Journal_Title :
Signal Processing Letters, IEEE
DOI :
10.1109/LSP.2006.891321
