Title :
A 6.5-GHz energy-efficient BFSK modulator for wireless sensor applications
Author :
Cho, SeongHwan ; Chadrakasan, Anantha P.
Author_Institution :
Mil. of South Korea, Seoul, South Korea
fDate :
5/1/2004 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
A 6.5-GHz FSK modulator suitable for low power wireless sensor network is presented. The energy efficient modulator employs closed-loop direct VCO modulation to achieve high data rate, multistage variable loop bandwidth technique for fast startup time and Σ-Δ for reduced power consumption in the synthesizer with fine resolution in frequency channel selection. The modulator, implemented using 0.25-μm CMOS, achieves 20-μs startup time with an effective data rate of 2.5 Mb/s while consuming 22 mW.
Keywords :
CMOS integrated circuits; frequency synthesizers; low-power electronics; microsensors; modulators; phase locked loops; phase shift keying; power consumption; sigma-delta modulation; voltage-controlled oscillators; wireless sensor networks; 0.25 microns; 2.5 Mbit/s; 22 mW; 6.5 GHz; CMOS; FSK modulator; closed-loop direct VCO modulation; energy efficient modulator; energy-efficient BFSK modulator; fast startup time; frequency channel selection; high data rate; multistage variable loop bandwidth technique; power consumption reduction; wireless sensor applications; wireless sensor network; Bandwidth; Energy consumption; Energy efficiency; Frequency shift keying; Frequency synthesizers; Microsensors; Sensor phenomena and characterization; Transmitters; Voltage-controlled oscillators; Wireless sensor networks;
Journal_Title :
Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of
DOI :
10.1109/JSSC.2004.826314
