Charge Release of Several Ceramic Ferroelectrics under Various Temperature and Stress Conditions

Applications exist which require data on the large signal properties of ferroelectrics at room and elevated temperatures. This paper presents experimental results of measurements on the polarization change, piezoelectric coefficient, and pyroelectric charge release for several polycrystalline compounds. The piezoelectric properties are expressed as a function of stress (both statically and dynamically) up to the crushing strength of the material, while the sample temperature ranges from ambient to its Curie point. From mechanical, electrical, and temperature considerations, evaluations are offered for barium titanate, lead titanate-lead zirconate, and lead metaniobate.