DocumentCode :
983035
Title :
Optimizing active and passive countermeasures
Author :
Kline, C. Robert, Jr.
Volume :
23
Issue :
1
fYear :
2004
Firstpage :
102
Lastpage :
109
Abstract :
In the context of bioterrorism, active countermeasures are those measures designed to deny an enemy the opportunity to launch or strike, and passive countermeasures are those measures designed to mitigate, soften, or divert the strike´s force. Active includes denying entry of a person or substance or delivery system to the continent or states and our island territories, or access to sources of water, clean air, and crops; to large buildings, airports; and population-gathering centers. Passive includes rapid warning and evacuation, quarantining, mitigating through vaccines, health, and fire and police intervention.
Keywords :
biohazards; government policies; health care; risk management; security; surveillance; terrorism; weapons; active countermeasures; bioterrorism; decisioning model; disastrous outcomes; evacuation; federal focus; passive countermeasures; police intervention; public policy decisions; quarantining; rapid warning; vaccines; Biomedical engineering; Biomedical measurements; Bioterrorism; Crops; Engineering in medicine and biology; Force measurement; National security; Pollution measurement; Terrorism; Vaccines; Biological Warfare; Bioterrorism; Civil Defense; Disaster Planning; Risk Management; Safety Management; Security Measures; United States;
fLanguage :
English
Journal_Title :
Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, IEEE
Publisher :
ieee
ISSN :
0739-5175
Type :
jour
DOI :
10.1109/MEMB.2004.1297180
Filename :
1297180
Link To Document :
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