Tapered Distributed RC Lines for Phase-Shift Oscillators

Tapered transmission lines of distributed resistance and capacitance are useful in electronic oscillators because they permit a reduction in the required levels of impedance and gain. The analysis of such lines is also of value as a guide to estimating the performance of multisection lumped networks. An interesting feature of such lines is that the attenuation constant and characteristic impedance is different for forward and backward waves, and the voltage is shifted in phase and does not double in magnitude at the reflection from an open circuit. A set of normalized curves describing the behavior of such lines is presented as the principal result of this work.